Function of the LAMA3 gene
The LAMA3 gene provides
instructions for making one protein subunit — ‘laminin 332’
(formerly known as laminin 5). Laminin 332 is made up of
3 subunits — called alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (g). The LAMB3 gene
carries instructions for the beta (β) subunit; the alpha (α) and gamma (g) subunits are produced from other genes.
Laminins are a group of proteins which regulate cell growth, cell
movement (motility) and the attachment of cells to one another (adhesion). They
are also involved in the formation and organization of basement membranes — which
are thin, sheet-like structures — separate and support cells in many
tissues.
Laminin 332 has an important role in the basement membrane which underlies
the top layer of skin (the epidermis). As we discussed earlier basement membrane gives strength & resiliency to the skin and creates an additional barrier between the body and
its surrounding environment.
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Laminin 332 is a major component of anchoring filaments which connect the
two layers of the basement membrane and help hold the skin together.
Studies suggest that laminin 332 also has several
other functions. This protein appears to be important for wound healing.
Additionally, researchers have proposed roles for laminin 332 in the clear
outer covering of the eye (the cornea) and in the development of tooth enamel.
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